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You have completed Python Testing!
You have completed Python Testing!
Preview
If your code raises exceptions it's a good idea to test them to make sure they get raised properly. Luckily `unittest` provides a mechanism for this.
New terms
assertRaises(x) - Make sure the following code raises the x exception
You can use @unittest.expectedFailure on tests that you know will fail
Example
with assertRaises(ValueError):
int('a')
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Sometimes we want our code to fail in
certain ways.
0:00
We want to be sure and
0:02
raise a value error when someone sends us
a string instead of a number.
0:03
We want to trigger a does not exist when a
database record hasn't been created yet.
0:07
So of course we want to test that these
exceptions get raised.
0:11
Let's look at the assert raises assertion.
0:14
So when we read our Roll class and we look
here, we see the description is this.
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And we have this die_pattern.match, which
if we go look at die_pattern,
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we see it has to be a number, and then the
letter d and then another number.
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And if it doesn't do that, we see it
raises this value error.
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So we know that, that'll happen, right?
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If we pass in a bad value then we're gonna
get this value error back.
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So let's write a test to cover that,
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to make sure that it works the way that we
think it does.
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So we're gonna write a def
test_bad_description.
0:50
And we're gonna use what's called a
context manager which is this width.
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It's where we're able to control the
context,
1:01
we're able to change variable inside,
within here.
1:02
So we're gonna say self.assertRaises and
it's going to raise a value error.
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And then we're gonna call dice.Roll and
we're gonna pass it in 2b6.
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All right?
We know that, that's wrong.
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So 2b6 because the b and the d don't
match, so we know this is wrong.
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This assertion is
1:24
used a little bit differently than the
others that we've used.
1:25
We had that width keyword I talked about,
the context manager.
1:27
And then we're also passing in a value of
what the exception is going to be.
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And it's a block.
1:36
Within that block, then we call the code.
1:37
So if the code actually causes the
exception, then the test passes and
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if it doesn't then it fails.
1:44
It's slightly backwards thinking but you
really get used to it.
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So let's try running this one.
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So that works.
1:52
So all of our tests have passed and it's
because we're so
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super smart, or it's because we know what
the code's gonna do and
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we're writing our test for exactly what
the code's gonna do.
1:59
Let's write a new test that won't pass,
'kay?
2:02
So let's actually go up here to the we're
gonna do it down here.
2:07
And we're gonna write def_test_small_die.
2:11
'Kay, so we're gonna have a small die in
this.
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So we're gonna do with
self.assertRaises(ValueError).
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So just like before we're expecting this
to,
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to fail, we're going to do Roll 1d2.
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Now this is actually a totally acceptable
die, we can roll a two sided die,
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it's called a coin.
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So, we know this is valid, so this test
should fail.
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So lets run this, and it fails.
2:44
The value error was not raised, 'kay?
2:47
So that's great, we, we know how this
fails.
2:50
Now we can go in here and we can actually
mark this as expected to fail,
2:52
if you look at the docs which I'll link
to, you'll see that you can mark this.
2:56
That's kinda silly.
3:00
We know this one's going to fail because
this is a bad test case.
3:02
So we're just gonna delete it.
3:06
Okay.
3:08
So, testing for exceptions though, as
we've done here with assertRaises
3:09
is a great way of making sure that your
code fails like you're expecting it to,
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and like you want it to.
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Somewhat related to assertRaises are the
assertWarns and assertLogs assertions.
3:18
You can use these to make sure that
warnings, or log entries,
3:23
are created by your code.
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